ШТУЧНИЙ ІНТЕЛЕКТ У СУДОЧИНСТВІ УКРАЇНИ: НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ

Abstract

Стаття присвячена питанням визначення поняття штучного інте- лекту, закріплення цього поняття у національному законодавстві та його застосуванню в тексті нормативно-правових актів, які регулюють ор- ганізацію й здійснення судочинства в Україні. Автори вказують на проблеми, які пов’язані із застосуванням поняття штучного інтелекту в судочинстві України та вносять пропозиції щодо вирішення зазначених проблем. The article is devoted to the issues of defining the concept of artificial intelligence, fixing this concept in national legislation and its application in the text of legal acts regulating the organization and implementation of legal proceedings in Ukraine. The authors point out the problems associated with the use of the concept of artificial intelligence in the legal proceedings of Ukraine and make proposals for solving these problems. In the article, the authors note that in our time, the prevalence of the use of artificial intelligence in various areas of human life, ideas for its implementation in legal proceedings have become more often expressed by scientists. They cite as an example the Chinese experience of the functioning of the digital court. The definitions of the concept of "artificial intelligence", which are available in explanatory dictionaries and encyclopedias, are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the need to reflect in the definition of this concept not only the technical component of devices that imitate human activity, but such human abilities as to calculate, reveal the meaning, generalize and learn from past experience. It is pointed out the need to take into account in the definition of the concept and when using artificial intelligence the special standards of reliability of artificial intelligence set out in the technical report ISO/IEC TR 24028 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), as well as the European Ethical Charter CEPEJ on the use artificial intelligence in judicial systems, which defines the main methodological principles used in the automated processing of judicial decisions. In national legal proceedings, specialized software is reduced to the use of an automated court document management system. It is concluded that at the moment in Ukraine there is no regulatory framework for the use of artificial intelligence in order to make judicial decisions.