MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ORBIT IN ADULTS

Abstract

The morphometric characteristics of the orbits of adults, in particular, left- and right-sided skewness, individual variability by age, gender and craniotypes were studied in order to obtain a morphometric standard of their anatomical norm. The study was conducted with the involvement of 96 Caucasian people aged 22 to 74 years (48 men, 48 women, average age 48.6 ± 3.2 years) without pathology of the craniofacial area. Our study was performed using such methods as computed tomography, morphometric method, and mathematical methods (variation and correlation analyses). According to the results of the study, it was found that there was no skewness of the orbits on the right and left, which made it possible to use the averaged indicators as a morphometric standard. The probable absence of gender dimorphism in the morphometric indicators of the orbits was noted. The presence of possible differences in the depth of the orbits and the length of the lower wall in the age group of the II period of mature age was established. Significant differences between individual morphometric indicators of the orbits in people with different craniotypes according to the cranial index were revealed. A comprehensive evaluation of morphometric indicators was carried out, which made it possible to establish such parameters as the quantitative norm of the length of the walls, the width and height of the entrance to the orbit, their depth, the angle of inclination of the entrance to the orbit and the angle between medial and lateral walls in adults in groups according to the right and left orbits, age, gender, and craniotypes. The quantitative norms of morphometric indicators of bone structures of the orbit were determined.