Browsing by Author "Bystriantseva, A. N."

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF HYDROLOGICAL REGIME OF THE DNIEPER RIVER
    (2018) Pichura, V. I.; Malchykova, D. S.; Ukrainskij, P. A.; Shakhman, I. A.; Bystriantseva, A. N.; Мальчикова, Д. С.; Шахман, І. О.; Бистрянцева, А. М.
    Problems of rational water use and water quality assessment are the priorities of many states, especially in the basins of transboundary rivers. Creation and functioning of the cascade of Dnieper reservoirs led to a radical transformation of the hydrological regime of the Dnieper River. As a result, there occurred a significant deterioration of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of surface water quality, increase of its trophic state, reduction of the efficiency and stability of the aquatic ecosystem of the Dnieper basin, which is largely determined by anthropogenic factors. As a result of interpretation the series of space images (August, 1986-2016) of the satellites Landsat- 5, Landsat- 7 and Landsat-8 with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, the spatio-temporal trend of changes in physical (water transparency), hydrochemical (general phosphorus concentration in water), biological (chlorophyll-a) properties of water areas of reservoirs was determined. In studies trophic state index developed by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection was used to classify all types of water surface, including rivers. It is established that the value of trophic state index in reservoirs is distributed unevenly from 26.5 to 56.5. Continuous water eutrophication processes are intensified by the deterioration of self-purification of the river, lack of effective anti-erosion organization of areas, and climate change. Long strengthening of the eutrophication of the reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade contributes to the increase of the concentration of nutrients, predominance of blue-green algae phytoplankton, reduced transparency, increased content of organic matter, significant deterioration of the aquatic ecosystem and reduced biological productivity of the Dnieper River. The studies of the trophic state of the cascade of the Dnieper reservoirs are of high scientific and practical value for the identification of the consequences of a powerful anthropogenic influence on the hydroelectric system and the identification of problem aspects of their water areas and the further priority development of substantiated spatially adaptive complex and systematic environmental protection measures, enhancement of ecological sustainability, and gradual improvement of ecosystem of the Dnieper River basin.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    BYSTRIANTSEVA ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL STATE AND ECOLOGICAL RELIABILITY OF THE LOWER SECTION OF THE DNIEPER RIVER
    (2018) Shakhman, I. A.; Bystriantseva, A. N.; Шахман, І. О.; Бистрянцева, А. М.
    Ecological state of the Lower Section of the Dnieper River was estimated by method of calculation of integrated index on the basis of monitoring over the years 2013–2016. Self-purification potential and capability of restoration in time and space (along the river stream) of the aquatic ecosystem of the lower section of the Dnieper River was established. The method for assessing the quality of surface water by hydrochemical parameters in accordance with the fishery standards as the most sensitive to changes of the ecological state of the river was used. The current calculation method takes into account the effect of the total action of substances and is approved practically for the analysis of the ecological state of other rivers. It was discovered, that the state of surface water of region was characterized as unsteady with the low of ecological reliability. Consequently, the processes of self- purification potential and capability of restoration of the aquatic ecosystem are at the low level. The ecological state of the river is characterized as an ecological regress.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    GIS BASED MODEL OF QUOTAS REGULATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EXTRACTION OF ECOSYSTEMS’ NATURAL RESOURCES AND SOCIAL WELFARE
    (2018) Kobets, V.; Bystriantseva, A. N.; Shakhman, I. A.; Кобець, В. М.; Бистрянцева, А. М.; Шахман, І. О.
    Research goals and objectives: to study ecosystem using GIS based technology to develop valid recommendations forsand extraction from water body. Object of research: ecosystem with natural resources. Subject of research: GIS Based Model of Quotas Regulation and its Impact on the Extraction of Ecosystems’ Natural Resources and Social Welfare. Research methods: optimization methods, GIS methods, differential-equations method, marginal benefit-cost analysis. Results of the research: An example of mathematical model for determining of ecological equilibrium during sand extracting in the ecosystem is developed using Google Maps. The influence of economic activity due to sand extraction on fish fauna is described. The GIS based ecological-economic model is developed on the logistic model basis for establishing regional quotas for extraction of natural resources during economic activity in the South of Ukraine. Regulatory economic mechanism of natural environment is proposed. It implies such quota for sand extraction from water body, which does not lead to deterioration of the quality of the nature environment and stimulate of social welfare’s increasing.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item