Факультет психології, історії та соціології
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Item CORRELATION BETWEEN ATHLETES’ AGGRESSIVENESS AND PARAMETERS OF SELF-EFFICACY IN HIGH-STRESS COMPETITIVE SITUATIONS(2024) Popovych, I. S.; Koval, I.; Hoi, N.; Omelianiuk, S.; Lappo, V.; Hoian, I.; Huzar, V.; Попович, І. С.The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between athletes' aggressiveness and various parameters of self-efficacy during tense competitive situations. The sample consisted of athletes spanning different levels of sporting experience, from juniors to professionals, excluding amateurs and veterans. Participants were involved in International, European, World, and Olympic sports competitions. Their age was between 15 and 32 years. Sample characteristics: n = 120; М = 23.45; SD = ±5.12; Мe = 23.50. Methods: Valid and reliable psychodiagnostic instruments were used to perform a comprehensive cross-sectional analysis. The parameters of self-efficacy examined included self-efficacy in subject activity, self-efficacy in interpersonal communication, motivation for achieving success, and motivation for avoiding failure. Results. Using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rxy), ten statistically significant bivariate correlations of aggressiveness characteristics with the parameters of self-efficacy were established (p ≤ .050; p ≤ .010). It was explained that the obtained regularities constitute a poly-determined construct of the complex nature of aggressiveness in the context of sporting activities. It was highlighted that it does not allow stating that self-efficacy is determined by athletes’ aggressiveness. It was found that “direct physical aggressiveness” is the most dependent aggressiveness characteristic – four correlations. It was established that “level of impulsiveness” in sports competitions is the least controlled state and, consequently, the most dangerous one. It was found that groups with low levels of aggressiveness had a statistically significant advantage in all five pairs. Discussion and conclusions. The dual nature of aggressiveness in sports was revealed and constructive or destructive characteristics of the impact on sporting activities were explained. The knowledge of the specificity of athletes’ aggressiveness was deepened. It was generalized that an athlete’s aggressiveness is a highly complex psycho-emotional resource, that requires the formedness of a high level of self-regulation and the ability to manage one’s psycho-emotional state, achieving optimal sports readiness. We recommend that the obtained empirical results should be implemented in educational-training process, tactical and psychological training for athletes.Item PRE-COMPETITION EXPECTATION PROFILES AMONG JUNIOR ATHLETES IN THE CONTEXT OF ALTERED SPORTING CONDITIONS(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Kosmii, M.; Hrys, A.; Hoi, N.; Dyhun, I.; Hoian, I.; Nosov, P.; Попович, І. С.The primary aim of this research was to empirically examine and substantiate the of various pre-competition expectations exhibited by junior athletes, particularly in light of altering conditions within a sporting contest.The study involved a cohort of adolescents (n=267) (Мe=16; М=16.32; SD=±1.71). The participants were representatives of team sports such as football and volleyball, as well as individual sports such as artistic gymnastics and track and field. The empirical investigation focused on junior athletes enrolled in an educational training course at two sports schools: “LSSCY Enerhetyk” in Lviv, Ukraine and “SSSYOR №1” in Ivano- Frankivsk, Ukraine. Methods. Psychodiagnostic tools were employed to gauge the content parameters of both expectations and the concept of a safe competition space. Standard coefficients were applied to discern statistically significant correlations within the collected data. The categorization of pre-competition expectations was accomplished through the application of k-means clustering. Results. This research established statistically significant correlations cognitive, emotional and behavioral components of psychological safety and expectation parameters underscoring the pivotal influence of both the competition space and pre-competition expectations on actual competitive performance. The delineation of five distinct precompetition expectation types emerged: real (RTE), active analytical (AATE), moderate (MTE), passive moderate (PMTE) and unreal (UTE). The findings provided robust evidence supporting that RTE, AATE and MTE constitute favorable expectation types, contributing positively to desired outcomes. In contrast, PMTE and UTE were identified as negative types, exhibiting a detrimental impact on achieving desirable results. Notably, the study demonstrated and substantiated the heightened risk associated with PMTE establishing it as the most perilous type of expectation for athletes engaged in competitive activities. Discussion and conclusions. This study revealed a significant negative correlation, particularly the cognitive component of psychological safety (CC), with expected status (ESA). This finding underscores the increased risk associated with this psychological configuration because it promotes a closed convergent position with subsequent distancing. Such a psychological state, coupled with a diminished awareness of competition activity (ACA), consistently leads to tactical errors in both offensive and defensive actions among athletes. These errors, in turn, disrupt team interaction and hinder the execution of a game plan. It was generalized that the identified precompetition expectation types among junior athletes, especially under altering sporting conditions, carry a distinctive scientific novelty. Moreover, these findings can be practically operationalized in the realm of educational training preparation.Item IMPACT OF PSYCHOGENIC FACTORS ON MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION OF JUNIOR ATHLETES(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Koval, I.; Zavatska, N.; Hoi, N.; Shchyruk, I.; Domina, H.; Zinchenko, S.; Попович, І. С.The purpose of the empirical research is to find out the impact of psychogenic factors on motivational orientation of junior athletes. The study identified differences in the psychological content parameters reflecting psychogenic factors of junior athletes by high and low levels. The research involved juniors (n=75) (Мe=17; М=17.23; SD=±1.67) representing the following football clubs (n=43): FC “Krystal” (Kherson, Ukraine), FC “Riatuvalnyk” (Mykolaiv, Ukraine), FC “Enerhiia” (Lviv, Ukraine) and juniors (n=32) of handball clubs “Dniprianka” (Kherson, Ukraine) and “Real” (Mykolaiv, Ukraine). Methods: the selected methods, which are reliable and sensitive to the research subject, allowed measuring the research parameters relevantly, ensured external and internal validity. In addition, purposeful observation with entering data in standard reports was used. Statistically significant differences were found by means of standard coefficients. Results. It was empirically established and substantiated that there are dominant negative statistically significant correlations (р<.050; р<.010) of depressiveness (D), neuro-psychic tension (NPT), situational reactive anxiety (SRA) and personal anxiety (PA), spontaneous (Scale II) and reactive aggressiveness (Scale VII) with all the parameters of motivational orientation of junior athletes: subject-directed (Sb); result-directed (R), socially directed (Sc) and personally directed motivational orientation (P). A positive correlation of neuro-psychic tension (NPT) and spontaneous aggressiveness (Scale II) is accounted for by an impact on socially directed motivational orientation. It was proved that there are statistically significant differences between the respondents with a high level of the parameters reflecting psychogenic factors and the subgroup of respondents with a low level. Thirteen statistically significant differences were registered (p≤.050; p≤.010). The study highlights that subject-directed motivational orientation (Sb) is the most dependent on the level of development of the parameters reflecting psychogenic factors. Discussion and conclusions. It was substantiated that the suggested summative research strategy with elements of comparison of the examined variables confirmed its efficiency. The applied methods, which are sensitive to the research subject, allowed establishing and substantiating statistically significant differences. The obtained results should be taken into consideration by coaches in physical and tactical-technical training for the representatives of team sportsItem CONSTRUCTION AND COMPARISON OF MENTAL RESOURCE COMPLEXES OF MALE AND FEMALE SPORTS TEAMS(2022) Popovych, I. S.; Radul, I.; Radul, V.; Geiko, Ie.; Hoi, N.; Sribna, O.; Tymosh, Yu.; Попович, І. С.The purpose of the study is to justify the methodology for developing complexes of mental resources (CMR) for sports representatives by comparing CMR male and female sports teams. The male sample included football (n=108) and volleyball (n=58) teams, meanwhile, the female sample included handball (n=38) and volleyball (n=55) teams. Research Methods: valid test methods with standard survey forms; factor analysis; criterion and reliability coefficients of the empirical data array. Results. The methodology for developing complexes of mental resources in athletes is substantiated, and an algorithm for operations is proposed. ANOVA factor analysis was used to discover the most loaded parameters of all CMR. The CMR of male and female sports samples is represented graphically. F1 “Value-Meaningful” (DG1=24.01%; DG2=10.67%) and F2 “Pragmatically-Moderate” (DG2=24.25%; DG1=13.12%) are the most loaded CMR factors. Significant differences in the samples were found between the “Value-Meaningful” (t=3.2; p≤.01); “Pragmatically- Moderate” (t=-2.9; p≤.01) and “Procedural” (t=2.1; p≤.05) factors. The factors that comprise the valuemeaningful core are proven as the basis of the CMR of the male sample. It should be mentioned that the purpose of sports activities for male athletes is physical energy and “inner strength”, which allow them to overcome challenges, recover, and not break down. It was established that the CMR of the female sample is founded on pragmatism and moderation. The predominance of the pragmatic component in female sample representatives is assumed because the multifaceted nature of women consists in a female’s ability to create a family, give birth to children, and be in competitive sports shape in a relatively short period of time, which requires more time and psycho-emotional resources than men. Conclusions. The development of mental resource complexes enables the identification of major differences, the identification of athlete growth indicators, and serves as the basis for the development of work programs aimed at strengthening mental resources.