Факультет психології, історії та соціології

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    THE INFLUENCE OF THE FAMILY ON THE FORMATION OF EATING AND WEIGHT DISORDERS
    (2019) Shebanova, V. I.; Yablonska, T.; Шебанова, В. І.
    The аim is to study family influence on formation of eating and weight disorders. The concept of an “alimentary family” is defined as a family with dysfunctional, disharmonious relationships, which is a prerequisite for emergence and support of distorted patterns of eating behaviour, leading in the future to children’s eating and weight disorders. Methods: The research was carried out using the method of a thematic retrospective analysis (MTRA)-food, which is a variant of the narrative method, the questionnaire "Parental convictions and control tactics as for eating behaviour of their children during food taking". The data was processed by the content analysis method; Fisher's φ-criterion was used to compare differences between the groups. Results: The research has allowed us to clarify eating behavioural characteristics and to identify the “roots” of eating disorders. Various forms of forcing at eating, direct and indirect ways of making children to eat or blocking of eating are manifested in ignoring of children’s taste preferences, their desire and readiness to eat. Parents often use manipulative techniques influencing children’s eating behaviour (encouragement, inducement, reward promises, approval, recognition, warning, or switching attention), direct means of influence (coercion: prohibition, restriction, rejection, destructive criticism, intimidation, deprivation from various pleasures). There is the statistical confirmation that parents’ use of manipulative means and / or direct coercion towards their children during eating predetermines formation of pathological processes of corporeality, attitudes and psychological mechanisms stipulating eating disorders. Conclusions: The research results indicate necessity to develop psychotherapeutic programs for people with eating disorders, as well as programs to help parents improve family relationships and, accordingly, to apply correctional effects on their children.
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    CORRUPTION AND BRIBERY IN TOWNS OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE DURING THE PERIOD OF 1785-1870
    (2019) Mykhailenko, G. M.; Сheremisin, O. V.; Черемісін, О. В.; Михайленко, Г. М.
    The article focuses on the problem of bribery and corruption in towns in the south of Ukraine between the end of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century. The main focus is on the activities of public officials and deputies of municipal self-government. It is noted that the flourishing state of corruption and bribery in the region began to form under the conditions of the new socio-cultural situation that resulted from the fast processes of incorporation, colonization, adaptation, and modernization. The distance from the centre weakened control on the part of the State, and therefore corruption and bribery acquired new forms in the south of Ukraine in comparison with other regions of the Russian Empire. Also regional features of the flourishing state of corruption and bribery have been noted. Conclusions are made that corruption and bribery became usual occurrences of local life against which municipal communities came out, permanently forming an interaction mechanism with civil society. It is also noted that the struggle of local communities with different cases of bribery had practical results: a lot of officials were punished, and eventually sentenced to long terms of imprisonment.
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    ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ МІСЬКОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ ТАВРІЙСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЇ В РОЗВИТКУ ОСВІТИ КІНЦЯ XVIII – ПОЧАТКУ XX СТ.
    (2019) Михайленко, Г. М.; Черемісін, О. В.
    Стаття присвячена аналізу діяльності органів міського самоврядування Таврійської губернії в розвитку освіти кінця XVIII – початку XX ст. Розглядаються проблеми становлення освітньої мережі в містах Таврійської губернії згідно з адміністративно-територіальним устроєм досліджуваного періоду. Головна увага звернена на фінансову підтримку навчальних закладів, які входили до відомства громадських установ. Водночас акцентується на тому, що за весь досліджуваний період часу міська влада не прийняла жодного рішення, пов’язаного з участю батьків в організації освітнього процесу. Зроблені висновки про те, що діяльність міського самоврядування Таврійської губернії в розвитку освіти була достатньо активною. Статья посвящена анализу деятельности органов городского самоуправления Таврической губер- нии в развитии образования конца XVIII – начала XX вв. Рассматриваются проблемы становления образовательной структуры в городах Таврической губернии согласно административно-террито- риальному устройству исследуемого периода. Главное внимание сосредоточено на финансовой под- держке учебных заведений, которые входили в ведомство гражданских учреждений. Делается акцент на том, что за весь исследуемый период времени городская власть не приняла ни одного решения, свя- занного с участием родителей в организации учебного процесса. Сделаны выводы о том, что деятель- ность городского самоуправления Таврической губернии в развитии образования была достаточно активной. The paper presents the analysis of the activity of the municipal self-government bodies of Tavriiska province in the development of education in the late 18th – early 20th centuries. It looks at the problems of the formation of an educational network in the towns of Tavriiska province considering the administrative-territorial structure of the period under study. It pays much attention to the financial support of the educational institutions which were a part of the administrations of public institutions. Additionally, the study focuses on the fact that the local authorities did not make any decisions related to the participation of parents in organizing the educational process throughout the entire period under study. The conclusions are drawn that the activity of the municipal self-government of Tavriiska province in the development of education was dynamic enough.
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    MUNICIPAL INTEGRATION OF SOUTHERN UKRAINE JEWS AT THE END OF THE XVIII – THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURIES: SETTLEMENT, MODERNIZATION AND PARTICIPATION IN SELF-GOVERNMENT
    (2019) Cheremisin, O. V.; Черемісін, О. В.
    The article is dedicated to the research of Jewish population conditions in southern towns of Ukraine during the end of the XVIII – beginning of the XX centuries. Jewish population constituted a substantial part of southern towns’ population during the studied period. That is why the participation of the Jews in cultural, national and municipal life of southern Ukrainian towns is analyzed. Employment of the Jews in towns is characterized, too. The South of Ukraine from a legal point of view of the Russian Empire was marked as a limit for Jewish settlement, so the details of their participation in self-government are analyzed. The problem of the Jews’ participation in urbanization and modernization of the Southern Ukraine region is studied taken separately. Demographic changes in a part of Jewish population and in regard to their correlation in municipal councils are also characterized. The conclusions are made concerning the role of the Jews in urbanization of the Southern Ukraine region and their activity in municipal self-government.
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    СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК ЗЕМСЬКОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ ПІВДНЯ УКРАЇНИ (60-90 РР. XIX СТ.)
    (2019) Герасименко, М. В.; Черемісін, О. В.
    Увазі читачів пропонується дослідження з історії становлення та розвитку земської медицини на Півдні України в 1860-1890-х рр. Аналізується досягнення земств в організації медичної допомоги населенню та розбудова земствами системи медичного обслуговування в останній чверті XIX ст.. Рекомендовано для науковців, аспірантів, студентів, викладачів і усіх, хто цікавиться історичним минулим України.