Факультет психології, історії та соціології
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Item RESEARCH ON HUBRISTIC MOTIVATION AND JUNIORS’ SELF-EFFICACY IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXTS(2024) Omelianiuk, S.; Popovych, I. S.; Domina, H.; Sedykh, K.; Hoian, I.; Kovalchuk, Z.; Petraniuk, A.; Попович, І. С.This study aims to explore and substantiate correlations between hubristic motivation and parameters such as subject activity, interpersonal communication, and the drive to achieve sports results among juniors. Methods: Valid and reliable tools previously tested in sports studies involving junior samples were employed. Standard statistical coefficients were used to establish significant correlations and identify differences. Results: Hubristic motivation among juniors was examined through two dimensions—desire for perfection (DP) and desire for superiority (DS)—highlighting their impact on juniors' self-efficacy, characterized by maximalist tendencies and confidence in achieving competitive success, influencing both formal and content aspects of sporting activities. A statistical advantage of juniors in team sports (Group 1) by the parameter “desire for perfection” and the advantage of juniors in individual sports (Group 2) by the parameter “desire for superiority” were established. It was explained that team educational-training work, learning technical schemes and practicing them in training make athletes concentrate on improving their technique and constantly ascertain that a sports result depends on well-coordinated team work. Accordingly, individual sports work can take much time to analyze and compare oneself with real or probable competitors, therefore, the desire for superiority rationally and intuitively becomes dominant. It was stated that the correlation between the desire for perfection and subject activity is the strongest one. It is logical that improvement of one’s mastery is a direct way to self-efficacy and a victory result. It was established that there was no correlation between the desire for perfection and the parameter of self-efficacy “interpersonal communication”. Discussion and conclusions: It was explained that efficacy facilitates friendly and warm relationships in communication and can lower requirements for oneself and teammates in practicing tactical schemes in training. It was summarized that hubristic motivation as a dichotomous unity of the desire for perfection and the desire for superiority is one of important psychological mechanisms of the formation of a junior athlete’s personality and organization of a junior’s motivation structure.Item ANXIETY AS A MULTIFACETED PHENOMENON WITHIN THE MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION OF JUNIOR ATHLETES(2024) Popovych, I.; Попович, I.; Rodchenkova, I.; Lukjanchenko, V.; Yurkiv, Y.; Bilous, R.; Shevchenko, N.; Hoian, I.The objective is to empirically investigate statistically significant correlations and elucidate determinants of high and low anxiety parameters within the motivational orientation dimensions of junior athletes. The study encompassed male and female junior athletes (n = 96) (Мe = 17; М = 17.38; SD = ±1.71) representing individual sports from sports schools for children and young people – “SSSYOR №1” in Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine and “LSSCY Enerhetyk” in Lviv, Ukraine – and youth academies of professional handball clubs: “HC Dniprianka” in Kherson, Ukraine and “HC Real” in Mykolaiv, Ukraine and football club “FC Enerhiya” in Lviv, Ukraine. Methods: valid and reliable methods were applied to find the parameters of anxiety and motivational orientation of the respondents before the beginning of the game. Additionally, a planned observation with standard blanks was used. Statistical coefficients were used to establish significant correlations. Results. It was found that the junior athletes with a low level (Group 1) of the parameters of anxiety have an advantage in the level of motivation over the athletes with a high level (Group 2). A lack of advantage in the parameters of situational and personal social protection – SSP (U = 623.50; p = .549) and PSP (U = 532.00; p = .091) – was explained by an equally important impact of this protection for the respondents with a high level and those with a low level. It was proved that high and low psychological content parameter of anxiety have statistically significant correlations with the respondents’ motivational orientation: Group 1 – thirty correlations; Group 2 – twenty seven correlations. It was empirically established that situational (SAEP) and personal (PAEP) anxious evaluation of prospects has a positive impact on subject-directed (SbM) and socially-directed (ScM) motivational orientation in the two research groups. Discussion and conclusions. It was substantiated that the impact of the parameters of SAEP and PAEP are within the scope of a personal choice, social pressure and an athlete’s construction of the future that requires psychological assistance and support of coaching and teaching staff. It was highlighted that the impact of spectators, social pressure of mass-media, expectations of fans, coaching staff and management of an organization (sports school/professional club) and junior athletes’ aspirations to meet other peoples’ expectations are wrong tactics and strategies of training and competitive process. We can generalize that anxiety is a multifaceted phenomenon in the dimensions of motivational orientation of junior athletes combining a complex of internal and external factors determining psychophysiological reactions of a junior athlete’s body and their motivational orientation. We recommend that the obtained results should be taken into consideration by coaches working with juniorsItem IMPACT OF EMOTIONALITY AND LOCUS OF CONTROL ON ATHLETES’ MOTIVATION FOR SUCCESS ACHIEVEMENT AND FAILURE AVOIDANCE IN INDIVIDUAL SPORTS(2024) Popovych, I.; Bokhonkova, Y.; Sokolova, H.; Forostian, О.; Rodchenkova, I.; Yurkiv, Y.; Korniienko, I.; Попович, I.This study aimed to identify statistically significant parameters regarding the influence of emotionality and locus of control on athletes' motivation for success achievement and failure avoidance in individual sports. The sample consisted of athletes participating in individual sports (n = 123) with a mean age of 23 (Me = 23; M = 23.19; SD = ±2.92), representing disciplines such as artistic gymnastics, track and field, weightlifting, freestyle wrestling, and boxing. Among the participants were medalists and winners of regional, national, international, and Olympic sports competitions. Methods. The methods verified in sports studies allowed measuring a number of parameters of emotionality and locus-control, and also two dependent variables – motivation for achieving success and avoiding failure. Statistically significant differences were identified by standard coefficients. Results. It was empirically established that both dependent variables have a considerable number of statistically significant correlations (p ≤ .050; p ≤ .010): motivation for achieving success has eight correlations, motivation for avoiding failure has seven correlations. It was found that three parameters – “athletes’ emotional stability”, “area of athletes’ achievements” and “athletes’ health and illnesses” correlate significantly with both motivations: motivation for achieving success (MAS) and motivation for avoiding failure (MAF). Diametrically opposite correlations of the parameters “athletes’ interpersonal relationships” with MAS (rxy = -.235; p=.041) and MAF (rxy = .215; p = .045) and “athletes’ sporting activities” with MAS (rxy = .623; p = .041) and MAF (rxy = -.238; p=.042) were established. Discussion and conclusions. It was generalized that emotional stability (ES) and emotional arousal (EA) are important parameters of athletes’ emotionality, whose constructive realization is within the scope of emotional intelligence (EQ) and has a statistically significant impact on motivation and achievement of victory. It was explained that support for emotional positive relationships in domination of motivation for achieving success can have a negative effect on athletes’ concentration. Such relationships can be a defense mechanism, emotional comfort and psychological relief in difficult situations of sporting activities in case of domination of motivation for avoiding failure. It was proved that emotionality and locus-control affect motivation for achieving success and avoiding failure of athletes in individual sports. The obtained results are characterized by scientific novelty and can arouse interest in everyone who is involved in training and competition processes of athletes in individual sports.Item TIME DECENTRATIONS OF JUNIOR ATHLETES UNDER CHANGED CONDITIONS OF COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY(2024) Hrys, A; Popovych, I.; Попович, І.; Zelenko, O.; Pavliuk, M.; Fedorenko, L.; Prachenko, O.; Huzar, V.The purpose of the research is to find and substantiate a correlation between time decentrations and self regulation of junior athletes under changed conditions of competitive activity. Methods. The main methods of a summative strategy of the research with elements of comparison were two valid and reliable psycho-diagnostic instruments: an adapted version of the questionnaire “Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory” (Zimbardo & Gonzalez, 1984) and a modified version of the questionnaire “Style of Self-regulation of Behavior” (Morosanova, 2004). Objective observation and structured interviews with data recorded in specialized protocol forms were supplementary research methods. Standard coefficients were employed to identify statistically significant differences. Results: The concept of time decentrations was defined, emphasizing their significance in junior sports. Seventeen statistically significant correlations were established (p ≤ .050; p ≤ .010). Temporal decentralization future (TDF) and temporal decentralization positive past (TDPP) exhibited the highest number of correlations, with six each. The strongest positive correlation of TDF with “Planning Training Activity” (PTA) (rs = .311; p ≤ .010) was established. It was substantiated that the strongest correlation between the dimensions “Planning Training Activity” (rs = .311; p ≤ .010) with Temporal Decentralization Future in combination with the other two strong (p ≤ .010) correlations of the dimension “Independence of Decision Making”: TDF (rs = .302) and TDPP (rs = .221) constitute an efficient self-regulation construct of achieving a victory result under changed conditions of competitive activity. Comparison of self-regulation parameters of respondents of an optimal profile (Group II) and a general profile (Group I) of time decentration was performed. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ .050; p ≤ .010) were found by three self-regulation parameters: “Planning Training Activity”, “Modelling Competitive Activity” and “Independence of Decision-Making”. Discussion and conclusions. The identified differences between time decentrations possess scientific novelty and are valuable for tactical-technical preparation of junior athletes. Operationalization of the obtained results can increase resourcefulness of junior athletes and create a competitive advantage over rivals under usual and changed conditions of competitive activityItem OPERATIONALIZING THE TACTICAL THOUGHT PROCESSES AND COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY PARAMETERS AMONG JUNIOR FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF BASIC GAME ROLES(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Yakovleva, S.; Zavatska, N.; Pavliuk, M.; Zelenko, O.; Huzar, V.; Radul, B.; Попович, І. С.The objective of this study is to convey the findings from an empirical investigation into the tactical thinking and competitive activity parameters of junior female handball players, followed by their operationalization based on fundamental game roles. The study entails a comparison and operationalization of empirical results pertaining to key content parameters, intended for integration into the educational and training processes, as well as competitive engagements of handball players. The research involved junior female athletes aged 15 to 19, regardless of their qualification level, representing women’s handball clubs in the Ukrainian Championship (the Junior League). Methods. The method “Examination of the profile of athletes’ thinking” (Hanzen et al., 2001) was applied; the key content parameters of competitive activity: intensity, activeness, preciseness, fault, efficiency and reliability were determined by a proprietary complex of tested indicators of handball players’ attack/defense given in the studies by L. Latyshkevich & L. Manevich (1990); F. Terzy et al. (2009); I. Turchyn (1988). Results. Statistically significant differences (p<.050; p<.010; p<.001) were registered using the Kruskal–Wallis H test by all the types of thinking: subject thinking (SbTh), symbolic thinking (SmTh), logical thinking (LgTh), visual thinking (VsTh) and creative thinking (CrTh) of junior handball players by the basic game roles. Statistically significant differences (p<.050; p<.010; p<.001) were found using the Kruskal–Wallis H test by all the parameters of junior handball players’ competitiveness by the basic game roles. It was found and substantiated that the most important types of handball players’ thinking in the context of competitive activity are: logical thinking – four statistically significant correlations (p<.050) with the parameters of competitiveness (the coefficient of precise passes; the coefficient of a player’s efficiency; the coefficient of a player’s reliability; a complex indicator of competitive activity); creative thinking – three statistically significant correlations (p<.050; p<.010) with the parameters of competitiveness (the coefficient of precise passes; the coefficient of a player’s efficiency; a complex indicator of competitive activity) and subject thinking – two statistically significant correlations (p<.050) with the parameters of competitiveness (the coefficient of precise passes; the coefficient of a player’s reliability). Discussion and conclusions. The study explains that the obtained high indices of subject and logical thinking of team center players (fullbacks, centers, center-halves) are determined by educational-training process. The study regards a high level of development of the above types of thinking as a technological game construct of a team. Attention is paid to high levels of visual and creative thinking of line players which are determined by a situation of development which encourages them to play in attack through achieving a desirable image and scoring a goal unconventionally. The study found a considerable number of scientific facts which should be introduced into educational-professional activity of women’s handball teams.Item PRE-COMPETITION EXPECTATION PROFILES AMONG JUNIOR ATHLETES IN THE CONTEXT OF ALTERED SPORTING CONDITIONS(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Kosmii, M.; Hrys, A.; Hoi, N.; Dyhun, I.; Hoian, I.; Nosov, P.; Попович, І. С.The primary aim of this research was to empirically examine and substantiate the of various pre-competition expectations exhibited by junior athletes, particularly in light of altering conditions within a sporting contest.The study involved a cohort of adolescents (n=267) (Мe=16; М=16.32; SD=±1.71). The participants were representatives of team sports such as football and volleyball, as well as individual sports such as artistic gymnastics and track and field. The empirical investigation focused on junior athletes enrolled in an educational training course at two sports schools: “LSSCY Enerhetyk” in Lviv, Ukraine and “SSSYOR №1” in Ivano- Frankivsk, Ukraine. Methods. Psychodiagnostic tools were employed to gauge the content parameters of both expectations and the concept of a safe competition space. Standard coefficients were applied to discern statistically significant correlations within the collected data. The categorization of pre-competition expectations was accomplished through the application of k-means clustering. Results. This research established statistically significant correlations cognitive, emotional and behavioral components of psychological safety and expectation parameters underscoring the pivotal influence of both the competition space and pre-competition expectations on actual competitive performance. The delineation of five distinct precompetition expectation types emerged: real (RTE), active analytical (AATE), moderate (MTE), passive moderate (PMTE) and unreal (UTE). The findings provided robust evidence supporting that RTE, AATE and MTE constitute favorable expectation types, contributing positively to desired outcomes. In contrast, PMTE and UTE were identified as negative types, exhibiting a detrimental impact on achieving desirable results. Notably, the study demonstrated and substantiated the heightened risk associated with PMTE establishing it as the most perilous type of expectation for athletes engaged in competitive activities. Discussion and conclusions. This study revealed a significant negative correlation, particularly the cognitive component of psychological safety (CC), with expected status (ESA). This finding underscores the increased risk associated with this psychological configuration because it promotes a closed convergent position with subsequent distancing. Such a psychological state, coupled with a diminished awareness of competition activity (ACA), consistently leads to tactical errors in both offensive and defensive actions among athletes. These errors, in turn, disrupt team interaction and hinder the execution of a game plan. It was generalized that the identified precompetition expectation types among junior athletes, especially under altering sporting conditions, carry a distinctive scientific novelty. Moreover, these findings can be practically operationalized in the realm of educational training preparation.Item IMPACT OF PSYCHOGENIC FACTORS ON MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION OF JUNIOR ATHLETES(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Koval, I.; Zavatska, N.; Hoi, N.; Shchyruk, I.; Domina, H.; Zinchenko, S.; Попович, І. С.The purpose of the empirical research is to find out the impact of psychogenic factors on motivational orientation of junior athletes. The study identified differences in the psychological content parameters reflecting psychogenic factors of junior athletes by high and low levels. The research involved juniors (n=75) (Мe=17; М=17.23; SD=±1.67) representing the following football clubs (n=43): FC “Krystal” (Kherson, Ukraine), FC “Riatuvalnyk” (Mykolaiv, Ukraine), FC “Enerhiia” (Lviv, Ukraine) and juniors (n=32) of handball clubs “Dniprianka” (Kherson, Ukraine) and “Real” (Mykolaiv, Ukraine). Methods: the selected methods, which are reliable and sensitive to the research subject, allowed measuring the research parameters relevantly, ensured external and internal validity. In addition, purposeful observation with entering data in standard reports was used. Statistically significant differences were found by means of standard coefficients. Results. It was empirically established and substantiated that there are dominant negative statistically significant correlations (р<.050; р<.010) of depressiveness (D), neuro-psychic tension (NPT), situational reactive anxiety (SRA) and personal anxiety (PA), spontaneous (Scale II) and reactive aggressiveness (Scale VII) with all the parameters of motivational orientation of junior athletes: subject-directed (Sb); result-directed (R), socially directed (Sc) and personally directed motivational orientation (P). A positive correlation of neuro-psychic tension (NPT) and spontaneous aggressiveness (Scale II) is accounted for by an impact on socially directed motivational orientation. It was proved that there are statistically significant differences between the respondents with a high level of the parameters reflecting psychogenic factors and the subgroup of respondents with a low level. Thirteen statistically significant differences were registered (p≤.050; p≤.010). The study highlights that subject-directed motivational orientation (Sb) is the most dependent on the level of development of the parameters reflecting psychogenic factors. Discussion and conclusions. It was substantiated that the suggested summative research strategy with elements of comparison of the examined variables confirmed its efficiency. The applied methods, which are sensitive to the research subject, allowed establishing and substantiating statistically significant differences. The obtained results should be taken into consideration by coaches in physical and tactical-technical training for the representatives of team sportsItem CORRELATION OF THE COACH’S QUALITIES AND JUNIOR ATHLETES’ SELF-EFFICACY(2023) Halian, I. M.; Popovych, I. S.; Vovk, V.; Kariyev, A.; Poleshchuk, L.; Halian, O.; Попович, І. С.The purpose is to examine correlations between the coach’s personal and professional qualities and junior athletes with different levels of self-efficacy (n=103). Methods: correlation and cluster analyses, valid psychodiagnostic methods, coefficients for establishing statistical significance. Results. Self-efficacy was studied as a factor of successfulness in sporting activities and an indispensable component of professional training for junior athletes. The meaning of “subject activity” (SA) and “interpersonal communication” (IC) as components of junior athletes’ self-efficacy was examined. A statistically significant correlation (p<.05; p<.01) of the coach’s qualities and SA (t = -11.905; p=.000) and IC (t = -2.222; p=.040) was established. There were statistically significant differences in manifestation of self-efficacy of the junior athletes in Group 1 and Group 2 by scale SA (t = -11.905; p=.000); Group I and Group II by scale IC (t = -2.222, p=.040). The research shows that athletes’ evaluation of the coach’s personal and professional qualities is an important factor in the formation of selfefficacy both in the area of “subject activity” and in the area “interpersonal communication”. Junior athletes with a high level of self-efficacy by the criterion SA (Group 1) and IC (Group I) evaluate the coach’s personal and professional qualities at a high level by the following parameters: the gnostic parameter (М1=5.78±.66; М2=5.00±.866); the emotional parameter (М1=6.22±1.98; М2=7.33±.707); the behavioral parameter (М1=6.56±1.59; М2=6.8±1.33). Junior athletes with a low level of self-efficacy by the criterion SA (Group 2) and IC (Group ІІ) evaluated the coach’s role in their success in the following way: the gnostic parameter (М1=3.64±.505; М2=4.27±.1.42); the emotional parameter (М1=5.22±1.37; М2=4.18±.603); the behavioral parameter (М1=5.0±1.48; М2=4.64±.1.12). Pearson’s (R) correlation analysis allowed finding that evaluation of the coach’s professional qualities (R= 259; p<.01) and relationships between junior athletes and the coach (R=.178; p<.05) are important for the formation of self-efficacy related to sport qualification upgrading SA. The development of self-efficacy related to interpersonal communication IC depends on affection for the coach’s personality (R=.301; p<.01) and real relationships between junior athletes and the coach (R=.261; p<.01). Conclusions. It is generalized that the understanding of the role of the coach’s personal and professional qualities in increasing self-efficacy will contribute to better organization of sports pedagogical process, the development of skills in mutual constructive activity for achieving high sport results. Research on relationships “coachathletes” is considered to be promising in the context of improving the coach’s qualification and the formation of “team self-efficacy” in young athletes.Item OPERATIONALIZATION OF PHYSICAL WORK ABILITY OF YOUNG ATHLETES IN TERMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING(2023) Popovych, I. S.; Shevchenko, N. F.; Raievska, Ya.; Myshchyshyn, M.; Hoian, I.; Yakovleva, S. D.; Los, O.; Попович, І. С.Purpose of the empirical research is to operationalize physical work ability of young athletes in the dimensions of psychological well-being. The research participants comprise Group 1 – male and female athletes in team sports (n=46; 52.87%): football and handball, and Group 2 – male and female athletes in individual sports (n=41; 47.13%): rhythmic gymnastics and boxing. Methods: the questionnaire “The Scales of psychological wellbeing” (“SPW”) (Ryff, 1989; adapted by N. Lepeshinsky, 2007); Ruffier’s Index (RI) was determined by the author’s trial – J. Ruffier (1951), adapted by S. Vozniy and I. Malyarenko (2020); the questionnaire “Мotivation for achieving success” (“MAS”) T. Elers (2002). Results. It was established that junior athletes in team sports (Group 1) have a statistically significant advantage by two dimensions: positive relations (PR) (U=566.00; p=.001) and environment management (EM) (U=598.00; p=.003). A statistically significant advantage of junior athletes in individual sports was registered by four parameters (Group 2): self-acceptance (SA) (U=378.00; p=.000), personal growth (PG) (U=393.00; p=.000), Ruffier’s Index (RI) (U=612.00; p=.005) and motivation for achieving success (MAS) (U=562.00; p=.001). We identified four statistically significant correlations by (р≤.01) Ruffier’s Index in Group 1 with the following parameters: motivation for achieving success, psychological wellbeing, purpose in life, positive relations; three statistically significant correlations (р≤.05; р≤.01) in Group 2: motivation for achieving success, positive relations and autonomous position. It was found that the respondents with a high level of physical work ability (Group I) have an advantage by the parameters PWB (U=651.500; p=.021) and MAS (U=46.500; p=.000). Conclusions. The research focuses on permanent orientation of the representatives of individual sports (Group 2) towards internalized personal development that makes them strongly dissatisfied with their personal achievements and high indexes of physical work ability do not result in psychological well-being (rs=.182; p>.05). The study highlights that a high level of physical work ability of young athletes (Group I) is accompanied by high indexes of motivation for achieving success and psychological well-being. It was generalized that operationalization of physical work ability in the dimensions of psychological well-being allowed discovering a number of important scientific facts which should be introduced into educational and training process of juniors.