Факультет психології, історії та соціології
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Item APPLICATION OF THE CONDITIONAL OPTIMIZATION METHOD IN THE PROBLEM OF VESSEL STORMY SAILING(2024) Zinchenkо, S.; Tovstokoryi, O.; Mateichuk, V.; Nosov, P.; Popovych, I. S.; Kyrychenko, K.; Попович, І. С.Stormy sailing conditions are among the most extreme and dangerous. The rocking of the ship in the roll and trim channels greatly exhausts the crew, which leads to an increase in the number of errors when making management decisions. The situation worsens also due to the fact that during a storm such dangerous phenomena as harmonic and parametric resonances, a decrease in stability on passing waves, broaching, impacts of group waves in the stern, which can lead to the , hull destruction, overloads of the power plant and occurrence of blackouts. The most radical way to combat such dangers is the automation of control processes. The authors have developed a method of automatic and optimal control of the ship's movement in storm conditions, which allows to avoid the occurrence and development of dangerous phenomena that lead to the capsize of the ship. The obtained result is explained by: the use of an on-board computer in the ship's motion control system; constant measurement of ship movement parameters and waves; finding, at each step of the on-board computer, safe and optimal values of the ship's course and speed by solving the optimization problem; taking into account when solving the optimization problem linear and non-linear constraints of the type of inequalities that define dangerous areas; maintaining safe and optimal movement parameters using the automatic control system. The theoretical significance of the obtained result lies in the development of a method of automatic and optimal control of the ship's movement in conditions of stormy sailing. The practical significance of the obtained results consists in: verification of the developed method by mathematical modeling; the possibility of using the method in the automatic control system, which allows to automate and optimize the processes of controlling a ship in a storm, reduce the influence of the human factor on control processes, crew fatigue, risks of losing the ship and cargo, and generally increase the safety of shippingItem AUTOMATIC PREVENTION OF THE VESSEL’S PARAMETRIC ROLLING ON THE WAVE(2024) Kobets, V.; Zinchenko, S.; Tovstokoryi, O.; Nosov, P.; Popovych, I.; Попович, I.; Gritsuk, I.; Perederyi, V.Parametric resonance is one of the most dangerous phenomena that occurs during a storm. In the event of a parametric resonance, an undamaged and properly loaded vessel can capsize within seconds. The essence of parametric resonance is to change the parameters of the vessel as an oscillating system. In this case, the coefficients of the differential equations of the vessel model become functions of time. Parametric oscillations are observed at a certain ratio between the frequency of the external influence and the frequency of the system's own oscillations. Parametric resonance in the roll channel is especially dangerous, which leads to a sharp increase in the amplitude of the vessel's rolling, water entering the deck and inside the vessel's hull, loss of stability and possible capsizing. The existing methods of storming are not effective enough, which is due to the use of visual methods for estimating the parameters of turbulence and manual graphic constructions, significant time delays between obtaining data for calculation and determining safe parameters of motion, the lack of constant measurement of turbulence parameters and refinement of safe motion parameters, the difficulty of selecting the dominant factor from the system dangerous factors, intuitive assessment of the level of danger. The authors have developed a method of automatic avoidance of parametric resonance, which differs from existing methods in that it automates the processes of measurement and information processing, reduces delays in decision-making, reduces the influence of the human factor on control processes, reduces crew fatigue, reduces the risks of losing the vessel and cargo, and in general increases the navigation safety. The developed method can be used for both manual and automatic control. In the manual control mode, the shipmaster has the opportunity to use automatically measured information and the results of its processing - visualization of parametric resonance areas and the position of the phase point for making management decisions. In the automatic control mode, the system itself calculates and implements safe movement parameters, and the shipmaster only observes its operation. The obtained results are reproducible and can be used to develop the functionality of automated systems and/or automatic parametric resonance avoidance modules.Item DEVISING AN APPROACH FOR THE AUTOMATED RESTORATION OF SHIPMASTER’S NAVIGATIONAL QUALIFICATION PARAMETERS UNDER RISK CONDITIONS(2024) Ponomaryova, V.; Nosov, P.; Ben, A.; Popovych, I.; Попович, I.; Prokopchuk, Y.; Mamenko, P.; Dudchenko, S.; Appazov, E.; Sokol, I.The object of this study is the safety control system of ship management, by identifying and restoring the qualifica tion parameters of shipmasters in criti cal situations. The task solved in the study is the timely determination of an insufficient level of qualification for the perfor mance of certain operations in con trolling the movement of the ship, by applying a formal-logical model of de tecting the intuitive actions of the ope rator-shipmaster and gradually restor ing his/her qualification parameters using the devised method. The stages of development and the formal-logical structure of the model and method in terms of cognitive auto mation were described in detail as the study results. It was possible to ensure early detection of risks when controlling the movement of the ship in 56 % of cases, during a laborato ry experiment on simulators, which in 24 % of cases turned out to be particu larly dangerous. The interpretation of the results in volved algorithmizing complex and for malized data on the actions of opera tors and the application of the method of restoring their qualification para meters, which allowed a comprehensive approach to safety management. The distinguishing features of the findings were to predict the level of danger by simulating maritime opera tions with input navigational and indi vidual conditions. This made it possible to improve the effectiveness of ope rations to 89 %, reduce the phenome non of loss of control over the course to 32 %, reduce critical situations to 7 % and the cost of resources. The scope and conditions of practi cal use involve a comprehensive assess ment of external and internal influ ences on the level of danger, delay in decision-making by operators, as well as sailing conditions. The simulation results could be used to devise strate gies for planning maneuvers, predicting risks, and developing maritime securi ty systemsItem CONTROL OF THE PIVOT POINT POSITION OF A CONVENTIONAL SINGLE-SCREW VESSEL(2023) Kobets, V.; Popovych, I. S.; Zinchenko, S.; Tovstokoryi, O.; Nosov, P.; Kyrychenko, K.; Попович, І. С.The issues of using the pivot point concept for the control of a conventional single-screw vessel are considered. The relevance of the task lies in the need for a more accurate assessment of the vessel's trajectory and the necessary area for maneuvering, since conventional single-screw vessels have low maneuverability, and their share in the total number of vessels exceeds 85%. For manual maneuvering of the vessel, using the pivot point, it is important to know the position of the pivot point relative to a fixed point of the vessel’s hull. Traditionally, this point was the gravity center/middle frame of the vessel. The disadvantage of the existing approaches to the calculation of the pivot point position was the use of a simplified calculation scheme ”gravity center – pivot point”, which did not take into account the dependence of the pivot point position on the rotation center position. In previous works, the authors of this article proposed the “gravity center – rotation center – pivot point” calculation scheme, which made it possible to more accurately estimate the pivot point position, taking into account the position of the rotation center. In the refined scheme proposed by the author, the pivot point position was determined relative to the moving rotation center, which is not convenient for manual control. In this article, for a single-screw conventional vessel, a formula and graphs of pivot point position relative to a fixed point on the vessel’s hull (gravity center/middle frame) are obtained, for the refined calculation scheme “gravity center – rotation center – pivot point”. The obtained formulas and graphs of the pivot point position relative to a fix point (gravity center/middle frame) allow us to use them both for automatic and manual control of the vessel’s movement. Mathematical modeling of a single-screw conventional vessel movement in the closed circuit “Control object – Control system” was carried out for the two considered calculation schemes. The simulation results showed that the use of the refined calculation schem allows for a 23% more accurate assessment of the vessel’s trajectory and the required maneuvering area.Item INFLUENCE HUMAN FACTOR ON SAFETY’S PLANNING ROUTE OF WATER TRANSPORT(2021) Zinchenko, S. M.; Nosov, P. S.; Popovych, I. S.; Носов, П. С.; Зінченко, С. М.; Прокопчук, Ю. А.; Попович, І. С.; Литовченко, В. І.; Зинченко, С. М.; Попович, И. С.; Литовченко, В. И.The study is aimed at conducting a formal analysis of algorithms for captains to apply when planning routes in difficult navigation situations. Formal and algorithmic analysis based on decision trees made it possible to improve ergatic navigation safety systems and to predict potential risks of maritime accidents in a timely manner. The article discusses approaches enabling algorithmisization of processes of navigational situations perception by captains. A formal description of the most essential elements of captains’ human factor affecting the route planning processes is provided. Also, the issues related to perception of difficult navigation situations by captains are considered, dependences on volume and multithreading of input information are given. In order to confirm actual influence of captains’ human factor elements on safe route planning, a number of experiments have been carried out using the Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator and subsequent modeling by means of Data Mining. As a result of modeling, standard designs for planning water transport routes have been obtained together with the confirmation of constructed models adequacy exemplified by the factor Fs 3 - «weather conditions». The proposed approaches will further expand the capabilities of predictive possible maritime accidents models due to human factor.Item DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ANALYZER TO ENHANCE MARITIME SAFETY(2021) Nosov, P.; Zinchenko, S.; P l o k h i k h, V .; Popovych, I. S.; P r o k o p c h u k, Y.; M a k a r c h u k, D.; Mamenko, P.; M o i s e i e n k o, V.; B e n, A .; Носов, П. С.; Зінченко, С. М.; Плохіх, В. В.; Попович, І. С.; Прокопчук, Ю. О.; Макарчук, Д. В.; Маменко, П. П.; Мойсеєнко, В. С.; Бень, А. П.On the basis of empirical experimental data, relationships were identified indicating the influence of navigators’ response to such vessel control indicators as maneuverability and safety. This formed a hypothesis about a non-random connection between the navigator’s actions, response and parameters of maritime transport management. Within the framework of this hypothesis, logical-formal approaches were proposed that allow using server data of both maritime simulators and operating vessels in order to timely identify the occurrence of a critical situation with possible catastrophic consequences. A method for processing navigation data based on the analysis of temporal zones is proposed, which made it possible to prevent manifestations of reduced efficiency of maritime transport management by 22.5 %. Based on cluster analysis and automated neural networks, it was possible to identify temporary vessel control fragments and classify them by the level of danger. At the same time, the neural network test error was only 3.1 %, and the learning error was 3.8 %, which ensures the high quality of simulation results. The proposed approaches were tested using the Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland). The simulation of the system for identifying critical situations in maritime transport management made it possible to reduce the probability of catastrophic situations by 13.5 %. The use of automated artificial neural networks allowed defining critical situations in real time from the database of maritime transport management on the captain’s bridge for an individual navigator. На основі емпіричних експериментальних даних були ідентифіковані зв’язки, що вказують на вплив реакцій навігаторів (судноводіїв) на такі показники управління судном як маневреність і безпека. Це сформувало гіпотезу про невипадковий зв’язок між діями навігатора, його реакціями та параметрами управління морським транспортом. У рамках зазначеної гіпотези були запропоновані логіко-формальні підходи, що дозволяють застосувати серверні дані як морських симуляторів, так і діючих суден морського транспорту з метою своєчасної ідентифікації виникнення критичної ситуації з ймовірними катастрофічними наслідками. Запропоновано метод обробки навігаційних даних, що заснований на аналізі темпоральних зон, який дозволив попередити прояви зниження результативності управління морським транспортом на 22,5 %. На основі кластерного аналізу і автоматизованих нейронних мереж вдалося виділити часові фрагменти управління судном і класифікувати їх відповідно до рівня небезпеки. При цьому тестова помилка нейронної мережі склала лише 3,1 %, а помилка навчання 3,8 %, що забезпечує високу якість отриманих результатів моделювання. Запропоновані підходи були апробовані із застосуванням навігаційного тренажера Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Фінляндія). Проведене імітаційне моделювання системи ідентифікації критичних ситуації під час управління морським транспортом дозволило зменшити ймовірність виникнення катастрофічних ситуацій на 13,5 %. Використання автоматизованих штучних нейронних мереж дозволило проводити ідентифікацію критичних ситуацій в режимі реального часу на основі бази даних управління морським транспортом на капітанському містку для індивідуального навігатора.Item Formal Approaches to Identify Cadet Fatigue Factors by Means of Marine Navigation Simulators(2020) Nosov, P.; Ben, A.; Zinchenko, S.; Popovych, I. S.; Mateichuk, V.; Nosova, H.; Носов, П. С.; Бень, А. П.; Зінченко, С. М.; Попович, І. С.; Носова, Г. В.Contemporary marine education tends to have been using navigation simulators enabling cadets to be trained for any unlikely event. These issues are sure to be in the sector with high demand focusing on safety. Thus, they would be extremely beneficial for marine industry. The proposed study aims to identify seafarer fatigue during the maneuver carrying out according to circumstantial evidence and, as a result, the influence of this phenomenon on the trajectory formation of transition or maneuver experiences. In addition to it, the method of cadet posture identification is generally revealed. To summarize all this information exo – back spine and an automated system are proposed to be used. The study provides the mechanism formation of spatial trajectory taking into account the identification of fatigue indicators. This issue will, eventually, benefit into reducing risks of accidents. Besides, a formal description of perception and decision-making processes being performed by the cadet by means of modal logic and algebra of events are introduced in the preceding article. It is a basis for determining the stages and individual preferences in the formation of the trajectory transition (maneuver). To make ground, the experiment within the framework of analyses of the mooring operation carrying out is sure to be named an effective one. This article proposes comprehensive approaches and provides the possibility to classify models for the formation of the trajectory of the cadet in conditions of fatigue crack factors.Item DECISION SUPPORT DURING THE VESSEL CONTROL AT THE TIME OF NEGATIVE MANIFESTATION OF HUMAN FACTOR(2020) Popovych, I. S.; Nosov, P.; Zinchenko, S.; Safonov, M.; Palamarchuk, I.; Blakh, V. S.; Попович, І. С.; Носов, П.; Зінченко, С.; Сафонов, М.; Паламарчук, І.; Блах, В. С.The simulation and program implementation approaches are presented in the tasks of determining the periods of loss of control due to the fault of the human factor in the operation of marine transport while carrying the navigation watch. Experiments have been carried out confirming the problem of the negative influence of the human factor on the example of navigational tasks in the Bosphorus and Hong Kong Straits. Automated tools have been developed to identify hazardous areas for navigation on location mapping by analyzing the accident geolocation in the Hong Kong Strait and the Bosphorus, which is a decision support system for emergency situations. A software module has been developed that makes it possible to identify the time periods for the manifestation of the human factor of the navigator by analyzing the ECDIS database in real time. Mathematical models of the triggering of the vessel automated course alteration system (VACA) and the actions of the navigator when controlling/navigating the vessel in difficult maneuvering zones are proposed. Підходи до моделювання та впровадження програми представлені у завданнях визначення періодів втрати контролю із-за вини людського чинника в роботі морського транспорту під час несення навігаційної вахти. Були проведені експерименти, що підтверджують проблему негативного впливу людського фактору на прикладі навігаційних завдань у протоці Босфор та Гонконг. Розроблені автоматизовані інструменти для визначення небезпечних зон для навігації на картографічному розташуванні шляхом аналізування геолокації аварій у Гонконгській протоці та Босфорі, яка є системою підтримки прийняття рішень у надзвичайних ситуаціях. Розроблений програмний модуль, який дозволяє ідентифікувати часові періоди прояву людського фактора навігатора шляхом аналізу бази даних ECDIS в режимі реального часу. Запропоновані математичні моделі спрацьовування суднової автоматизованої системи зміни курсу (VACA) та дії навігатора при керуванні / навігації судна у складних зонах маневрування.