LABORATORY MARKERS FOR OVERLOAD OF THE CERVICAL SPINE

Abstract

Recently, the number of applications from patients who have significant physical exertion in conditions of prolonged exposure to stress factors has increased significantly. Spinal overload is a rather serious and important factor that contributes to the development of degenerative changes, as well as metabolic disorders of various kinds that occur in conditions of chronic stress. In clinical and fundamental medicine, most of the clinical and pathophysiological changes in the human body that occur under the influence of chronic stress and contribute to the development of metabolic disorders during spinal overload remain incompletely understood. This problem is especially important and relevant today for the military, who, during the difficult fight against armed aggression in conditions of chronic stress, have significant physical exertion, which is reflected in the condition of the spine. The aim of the study is to identify the most modern laboratory markers of metabolic disorders during spinal overload. Materials and methods. The scientific data of the PubMed platform for 2021– 2025 were analysed. Results The dynamics of clinical and functional disorders in the body of patients with cervical spine overload on the background of chronic stress includes a complex of structural, functional changes and neurological disorders, which in the case of a long course lead to the development of degenerative diseases of the spine. The conceptual scheme of the formation of metabolic disorders in patients with cervical spine overload on the background of chronic stress consists in the consistent and gradual development of clinical and metabolic disorders, which are reflected in structural and functional changes and clinical and laboratory indicators of blood and urine. The direction of research on the development of criteria for assessing and preventing the impact of chronic stress on the human body with spinal overload can be considered promising. Among the most informative markers that can be used to examine patients are the following: C-reactive protein (may increase in the blood due to inflammation of muscle tissue and/or ligaments in the neck area), integral leukogram indicators (changes in the ratio of leukocytes – leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia or neutrophilia may be detected in patients as reactions to stress); interleukin-1 (often increases in the blood during chronic stress and is associated with inflammation), as well as interleukin- 10 (has an anti-inflammatory effect and may decrease during chronic stress). Conclusions. The most effective laboratory markers for assessing the condition of patients with cervical spine overload on the background of chronic stress can be considered inflammatory markers, marker enzymes for assessing muscle tissue, indicators of insulin resistance, hormonal metabolism and interleukins.